الفرق بين النسختين بتاع: «ممثل»
تم حذف المحتوى تمت إضافة المحتوى
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لينكات برانيه |
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سطر 6:
اوروبا زمان ف [[اليونان القديمه]] و [[روما القديمه]] ، ولحد [[العصور الوسطى]] ، و ايام [[ويليام شكسبير]] ، كان الرجاله هم بس اللى ممكن يكونو ممثلين ، وكانت أدوار الستات تلعبها رجاله أو اولاد.<ref name="Neziroski 2003">{{cite web|url=http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/narrativelyricdrama.htm|title=narrative, lyric, drama|last=Neziroski |first=Lirim|year=2003|work=Theories of Media :: Keywords Glossary :: multimedia|publisher=University of Chicago|accessdate=2009-03-14|quote=For example, until the late 1600s, audiences were opposed to seeing women on stage, because of the belief stage performance reduced them to the status of showgirls and prostitutes. Even Shakespeare's plays were performed by boys dressed in drag.}}</ref>
بعد استعادة الملكيه ف [[انجلترا]] سنة 1660 ، ابتدت الستات ف الظهور على خشبة المسرح ف إنجلترا.الأيام دى ، الستات بتلعب أحيانًا أدوار الأولاد أو الشباب بالذات ف البانتوميم وبعض الأوبرا <ref name="PDF">{{cite web|url=http://www.s-sj.org/pdfs/St-Dusinberre-web.pdf|format=PDF|title=Boys Becoming Women in Shakespeare's Plays|author=JULIET DUSINBERRE|website=S-sj.org\accessdate=22 October 2017}}</ref>.
==لينكات برانيه==
{{Wiktionary|actor|actress|player}}
* [http://www.sag.org/ Screen Actors Guild (SAG)]: a union representing U. S. film and TV actors.
* [http://www.actorsequity.org/ Actors' Equity Association (AEA)]: a union representing U. S. theatre actors and stage managers.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060720195027/http://www.aftra.org/ American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA)]: a union representing U. S. television and radio actors and broadcasters (on-air journalists, etc.).
* [http://www.equity.org.uk/ British Actors' Equity]: a trade union representing UK artists, including actors, singers, dancers, choreographers, stage managers, theatre directors and designers, variety and circus artists, television and radio presenters, walk-on and supporting artists, [[stunt performer]]s and directors and theatre fight directors.
* [http://www.alliance.org.au Media Entertainment & Arts Alliance]: an Australian/New Zealand trade union representing everyone in the media, entertainment, sports, and arts industries.
== مصادر ==
{{مصادر}}
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