الفرق بين النسختين بتاع: «الصين»
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سطر 1:
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = People's Republic of China
| native_name = {{vunblist|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|中华人民共和国}}}} |{{small|''Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó''}}}}<!--Please do not add official regional/minority languages here; use the langbox template directly below, included specifically for that purpose-->
|
|
| image_coat = National Emblem of the People's Republic of China.svg
| symbol_type = National Emblem
| image_map = People's Republic of China (orthographic projection).svg
| map_caption = Area controlled by the People's Republic of China shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
| map_width = 220px
| national_anthem = {{vunblist|{{lang|zh-hans|《义勇军进行曲》}} <!--NOT TO BE CHANGED AWAY FROM 《》; " " IS NOT USED IN CHINESE-->|''Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|([[Pinyin]])}} |{{small|"[[March of the Volunteers]]"}} }} [[File:March of the Volunteers instrumental.ogg|center]]
| official_languages = {{nowrap|[[Standard Chinese]]<ref name="langlaw">{{cite web |url=http://www.gov.cn/english/laws/2005-09/19/content_64906.htm |title=Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (Order of the President No.37) |publisher=Chinese Government|date=31 October 2000|accessdate=21 June 2013 |quote=For purposes of this Law, the standard spoken and written Chinese language means Putonghua (a common speech with pronunciation based on the Beijing dialect) and the standardized Chinese characters.}}</ref><!--end nowrap:-->}}
| languages_type = Official written language
| languages = [[Written vernacular Chinese|Vernacular Chinese]]
| languages_sub = yes
| languages2_type = [[Official script]]
| languages2 = [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified Chinese]]<ref name="langlaw"/>
| languages2_sub = yes
| regional_languages = {{small|{{hlist |[[Mongolian language|Mongolian]] |[[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan]] |[[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] |[[Standard Zhuang|Zhuang]] |[[Languages of China|various others]]}}}}
| ethnic_groups =
{{vunblist
| 91.51% [[Han Chinese|Han]]<ref name="Census2010"/>
| {{collapsible list
|title = {{small|[[List of ethnic groups in China|55 minorities]]{{ref label|minorities|a|}}}}
|1.30% [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] |0.86% [[Manchu people|Manchu]] |0.79% [[Uyghur people|Uyghur]] |0.79% [[Hui people|Hui]] |0.72% [[Miao people|Miao]] |0.65% [[Yi people|Yi]] |0.62% [[Tujia people|Tujia]] |0.47% [[Ethnic Mongols in China|Mongol]] |0.44% [[Tibetan people|Tibetan]] |0.26% [[Buyei]] |0.15% [[Koreans in China|Korean]] |1.05% others
}}
}}
| capital = [[Beijing]]{{ref label|capital|b|}}
| latd=39 |latm=55 |latNS=N |longd=116 |longm=23 |longEW=E
| largest_city = [[Shanghai]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Chan, Kam Wing |title=Misconceptions and Complexities in the Study of China's Cities: Definitions, Statistics, and Implications |journal=[[Eurasian Geography and Economics]] |year=2007 |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=383–412 |url=http://courses.washington.edu/chinageo/ChanCityDefinitionsEGE2007.pdf |accessdate=7 August 2011 |doi=10.2747/1538-7216.48.4.383}} p. 395</ref><ref>[http://china.usc.edu/(S(swqn0p55xbqmsu45cwso5lzy)A(IEcheuFczAEkAAAAODRlNTk2OTMtMDViMC00Yjk5LWFmZTgtODc1OTA1YWYxMDM4e9e8O7-g5_HYhuft0Huy7h2GlGg1))/ShowAverageDay.aspx?articleID=910 "What are China's largest and richest cities?"] [[University of Southern California]] US-China Institute. 2007. Retrieved 15 January 2012.</ref>
| demonym = Chinese
<!----
NOTE FOR THE FOLLOWING:
Describing the PRC's *GOVERNMENT TYPE* has been a contentious issue.
PLEASE READ THE ARCHIVES of past discussions BEFORE MAKING/SUGGESTING CHANGES!
----->
| government_type = [[Single-party state|Single-party]] [[socialist state]]
| leader_title1 = [[President of the People's Republic of China|President]]
| leader_name1 = [[Xi Jinping]]{{ref label|leader|c|}}
| leader_title2 = [[Premier of the People's Republic of China|Premier]]
| leader_name2 = [[Li Keqiang]]
| leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress|Congress Chairman]]}}
| leader_name3 = [[Zhang Dejiang]]
| leader_title4 = {{nowrap|[[Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|Conference Chairman]]}}
| leader_name4 = [[Yu Zhengsheng]]
| legislature = [[National People's Congress]]
| sovereignty_type = [[History of China|Establishment]]
| established_event1 = [[Qin's wars of unification#Conquest of Qi|Unification of China]] under the Qin Dynasty
| established_date1 = 221 BCE
| established_event2 = [[Xinhai Revolution#Establishment of the Republic|Republic established]]
| established_date2 = 1 January 1912
| established_event3 = [[Chinese Civil War|People's Republic proclaimed]]
| established_date3 = 1 October 1949
| area_km2 = 9,706,961
| area_footnote = {{ref label|territory|d|}}
| area_sq_mi = 3,747,879 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E12
| percent_water = 2.8
| population_estimate = 1,353,821,000<ref name="Census2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20120120_402780233.htm |title=China's Total Population and Structural Changes in 2011 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |accessdate=14 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=IMFOct2012>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=78&pr.y=0&sy=2010&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=223%2C924%2C922%2C199%2C534&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook |publisher=IMF |date=October 2012 data |accessdate= 3 January 2013}}</ref>
| population_estimate_rank = 1st
| population_estimate_year = 2012
| population_census = 1,339,724,852<ref name="groups">{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110428_402722244.htm|title=Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census (No. 1)|publisher= National Bureau of Statistics of China|date=28 April 2011|accessdate=14 June 2013}}</ref>
| population_census_year = 2010
| population_census_rank = 1st
| population_density_km2 = 139.6
| population_density_sq_mi = 363.3 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] -->
| population_density_rank = 81st
| GDP_nominal = $8.227 trillion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=66&pr.y=13&sy=2011&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=924&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLUR&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook Database: China |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |date=April 2013 data |accessdate=17 April 2013}}</ref>
| GDP_nominal_rank = 2nd
| GDP_nominal_year = 2012
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $6,075<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 90th
| GDP_PPP_year = 2012
| GDP_PPP = $12.405 trillion<ref name="imf2" />
| GDP_PPP_rank = 2nd
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $9,161<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 91st
| Gini_year = 2012
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini = 47.4 <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=Income inequality: Delta blues |url=http://www.economist.com/blogs/analects/2013/01/income-inequality |work=The Economist |date=23 January 2013 |accessdate=23 January 2013}}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 2012
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI = 0.699 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR2013_EN_Statistics.pdf |format=PDF|title=2013 Human Development Index and its components – Statistics|publisher=UNDP |year=2013 |accessdate=15 March 2013}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 101st
| currency = [[Renminbi|Renminbi (yuan)]] (¥)
| currency_code = CNY
| time_zone = [[China Standard Time]]
| utc_offset = +8
| date_format = {{vunblist |yyyy-mm-dd |''or'' yyyy{{lang|zh|年}}m{{lang|zh|月}}d{{lang|zh|日}} |([[Common Era|CE]]; [[Chinese calendar|CE-1949]])}}
| drives_on = right{{ref label|driving|f|}}
| cctld = {{vunblist| [[.cn]] |[[.中國]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://brussels38.icann.org/meetings/brussels2010/transcript-board-25jun10-en.txt |title=ICANN Board Meeting Minutes |publisher=ICANN |accessdate=25 June 2010}}</ref> |[[.中国]]}}
| calling_code = [[+86]]
| footnote_a = {{note|minorities}} Minorities that are recognized officially.
| footnote_b = {{note|capital}} Or (previously) "Peking".
| footnote_c = {{note|leader}} Xi Jinping holds four concurrent positions: [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China]], [[President of the People's Republic of China]], and [[Chairman of the Central Military Commission]] for both state and party.<ref>[http://rt.com/news/china-new-leader-xi-734/ "New man at helm: Xi Jinping elected to lead China"]. RT.com. 15 November 2012. Retrieved 2 January 2013.</ref>
| footnote_d = {{note|territory}} The area given is the official United Nations figure for [[Mainland China|the mainland]] and expressly excludes [[Hong Kong]], [[Macau]] and [[Taiwan]].<ref name="UN Stat">{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2007/Table03.pdf |title=Demographic Yearbook—Table 3: Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density |publisher=UN Statistics |accessdate=2010-01-31}}</ref> It also excludes the [[Trans-Karakoram Tract]] {{convert|5800|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, [[Aksai Chin]] {{convert|37244|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and other territories in dispute with India. The total area of China is listed as {{convert|9572900|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} by the ''Encyclopædia Britannica''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111803/China |title=China |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |accessdate=16 November 2012}}</ref> For further information, see [[Territorial changes of the People's Republic of China]].
| footnote_f = {{note|driving}} Except [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]].
}}
'''جمهورية الصين الشعبيه''' (<small>[[لغه صينى|صينى]] متبسط:</small> 中华人民共和国 <small>صينى تقليدى:</small> 中華人民共和國) معروفه بـ'''الصين''', هى اكبر بلد فى شرق [[اسيا]] فى المساحه و اكبر بلد فى العالم فى عدد السكان اللى وصلو ل 1.3 بيليون يعنى خمس سكان العالم. الصين هى جمهوريه شيوعية بيحكمها الحزب الشيوعى الصينى بنظام حكم الحزب الواحد. سماها الاوروبيين "[[كاثاى]]" فى [[العصور الوسطى]] و بالذات الجزء اللى فى شرق نهر [[يانجتسى]] منقوله عن [[ماركوبولو]]. [[نهر امور]] (بالروسى: река Аму́р) او نهر هيلونج جيانج (بالصينى: 黑龙江) هو تاسع اطول نهر فى العالم (4,352 كم) و بيصب فى المحيط الباسيفيكى و بيرسم الحدود الطبيعيه بين [[روسيا]] و الصين.
العاصمه بتاعة الصين هيه [[بيكين]].
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