الامبراطوريه الرومانيه

Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR)
("The Senate and People of Rome")
^{[nb 1]}
الامبراطورية الرومانية
	Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR); ("The Senate and People of Rome"); ; الامبراطورية الرومانية
	Vexillum with aquila and Roman state acronym
	أقصى اتساع للامبراطورية الرومانية فى عهد تراجان سنة 117;nbsp&م
العاصمه	روما was the sole political capital until AD&nbsp؛286; There were several political centres during the Tetrarchy while Rome continued to be the nominal, cultural, and ideological capital.; Constantine re-founded and established the city of Constantinople as the new capital of the empire in 330.; Mediolanum (Milan) was its western counterpart during the increasingly frequent East/West divisions. The western imperial court was later relocated to Ravenna.
لغات	Latin
ديانة دوله	Polytheism and Roman imperial cult; (to 380); Christianity; (from 380)
Government	Autocracy
	الامبراطور
- 27 BC–AD 14	Augustus
- 378–395	Theodosius I
- 475–476 / 1449–1453	Romulus Augustus / Constantine&nbsp؛XI
Legislature	Roman Senate
Historical era	Classical antiquity
- Battle of Actium	2 September 31 BC
- Octavian proclaimed Augustus	27 BC
- Diocletian splits imperial administration between East and West	285
- Constantine the Great establishes Constantinople as a new imperial capital	330
- Death of Theodosius the Great, followed by permanent division of the Empire into eastern and western halves	395
- Deposition of western emperor Romulus Augustus/Fall of Constantinople *	AD 476/1453
	المساحه
- 25 BC	2,750,000 km2 (1,061,781 sq mi)
- 50	4,200,000 km2 (1,621,629 sq mi)
- 117	5,000,000 km2 (1,930,511 sq mi)
- 390	4,400,000 km2 (1,698,849 sq mi)
	لستة البلاد حسب عدد السكان
- 25 BC est.	56,800,000
كثافه سكانيه	20.7 /km2 (53.5 /sq mi)
- 117 est.	88,000,000
كثافه سكانيه	17.6 /km2 (45.6 /sq mi)
عمله	(a) 27 BC – AD 212: 1 gold aureus (1/40 lb. of gold, devalued to 1/50 lb. by 212) = 25 silver denarii = 100 bronze sesterces = 400 copper asses.; (b) 294–312: 1 gold aureus solidus (1/60 lb. of gold) = 10 silver argentei = 40 bronze folles = 1،000 debased metal denarii; (c) 312 onwards: 1 gold solidus (1/72 lb.) = 24 silver siliquae = 180 bronze folles
دلوقتى جزء من	; البانيا; الجزاير; اندورا; ارمنيا; النمسا; ازربيجان; بلجيكا; البوسنه و الهرسك; بلغاريا; كرواتيا; قبرص; مصر; فرنسا; جورجيا; المانيا; اليونان; المجر; العراق; اسرائيل; ايطاليا; الاردن; كوسوفو; لبنان; ليبيا; لشتنشتاين; لوكسمبورج; مقدونيا; مالطا; مولدوفا; موناكو; مونتنجرو; المغرب; هولندا; البرتغال; رومانيا; سان مارينو; السعوديه; صربيا; سلوفاكيا; سلوفينيا; اسبانيا; سويسرا; سوريا; تونس; تركيا; اوكرانيا; المملكه المتحده; الفاتيكان

Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR)
("The Senate and People of Rome")
^{[nb 1]}
الامبراطورية الرومانية
	Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR); ("The Senate and People of Rome"); ; الامبراطورية الرومانية
	Vexillum with aquila and Roman state acronym
	أقصى اتساع للامبراطورية الرومانية فى عهد تراجان سنة 117;nbsp&م
العاصمه	روما was the sole political capital until AD&nbsp؛286; There were several political centres during the Tetrarchy while Rome continued to be the nominal, cultural, and ideological capital.; Constantine re-founded and established the city of Constantinople as the new capital of the empire in 330.; Mediolanum (Milan) was its western counterpart during the increasingly frequent East/West divisions. The western imperial court was later relocated to Ravenna.
لغات	Latin
ديانة دوله	Polytheism and Roman imperial cult; (to 380); Christianity; (from 380)
Government	Autocracy
	الامبراطور
- 27 BC–AD 14	Augustus
- 378–395	Theodosius I
- 475–476 / 1449–1453	Romulus Augustus / Constantine&nbsp؛XI
Legislature	Roman Senate
Historical era	Classical antiquity
- Battle of Actium	2 September 31 BC
- Octavian proclaimed Augustus	27 BC
- Diocletian splits imperial administration between East and West	285
- Constantine the Great establishes Constantinople as a new imperial capital	330
- Death of Theodosius the Great, followed by permanent division of the Empire into eastern and western halves	395
- Deposition of western emperor Romulus Augustus/Fall of Constantinople *	AD 476/1453
	المساحه
- 25 BC	2,750,000 km2 (1,061,781 sq mi)
- 50	4,200,000 km2 (1,621,629 sq mi)
- 117	5,000,000 km2 (1,930,511 sq mi)
- 390	4,400,000 km2 (1,698,849 sq mi)
	لستة البلاد حسب عدد السكان
- 25 BC est.	56,800,000
كثافه سكانيه	20.7 /km2 (53.5 /sq mi)
- 117 est.	88,000,000
كثافه سكانيه	17.6 /km2 (45.6 /sq mi)
عمله	(a) 27 BC – AD 212: 1 gold aureus (1/40 lb. of gold, devalued to 1/50 lb. by 212) = 25 silver denarii = 100 bronze sesterces = 400 copper asses.; (b) 294–312: 1 gold aureus solidus (1/60 lb. of gold) = 10 silver argentei = 40 bronze folles = 1،000 debased metal denarii; (c) 312 onwards: 1 gold solidus (1/72 lb.) = 24 silver siliquae = 180 bronze folles
دلوقتى جزء من	; البانيا; الجزاير; اندورا; ارمنيا; النمسا; ازربيجان; بلجيكا; البوسنه و الهرسك; بلغاريا; كرواتيا; قبرص; مصر; فرنسا; جورجيا; المانيا; اليونان; المجر; العراق; اسرائيل; ايطاليا; الاردن; كوسوفو; لبنان; ليبيا; لشتنشتاين; لوكسمبورج; مقدونيا; مالطا; مولدوفا; موناكو; مونتنجرو; المغرب; هولندا; البرتغال; رومانيا; سان مارينو; السعوديه; صربيا; سلوفاكيا; سلوفينيا; اسبانيا; سويسرا; سوريا; تونس; تركيا; اوكرانيا; المملكه المتحده; الفاتيكان

الامبراطورية الرومانية هى تطور للحكم السياسى لروما .الامبراطورية الرومانية هى المرحلة اللى جت بعد الجمهوريه الرومانيه اللى حكمت روما.

الرومانتعديل

الرومان هم شعب استقر فى وسط شبه الجزيرة الايطالية ابتداء من القرن الاتناشر قبل الميلاد واسسو مدينة روما القديمة و اسسو دولة سيطرت على شبه الجزيرة الايطالية و اتوسعت الدولة الرومانية وسيطرت على معظم العالم القديم .

مصادرتعديل

↑ Constantine I (306–337 AD) by Hans A. Pohlsander. De Imperatoribus Romanis. Written 2004-1-8. Retrieved 2007-3-20.
↑ ^أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Taagepera، Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. Duke University Press. 3 (3/4): 125. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 10.2307/1170959.
↑ John D. Durand, Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation, 1977, pp. 253–296.

ملاحظاتتعديل

↑ Since classical and modern concepts of state do not coincide, other possibilities include Res publica Romana, Imperium Romanum or Romanorum (also in Greek: Βασιλείᾱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων – Basileíā tôn Rhōmaíōn – ["Dominion (Literally 'kingdom') of the Romans"]) and Romania. Res publica, as a term denoting the Roman "commonwealth" in general, can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial era, while Imperium Romanum (or, sometimes, Romanorum) is used to refer to the territorial extent of Roman authority. Populus Romanus, "the Roman people", is often used for the Roman state dealing with other nations. The term Romania, initially a colloquial term for the empire's territory as well as the collectivity of its inhabitants, appears in Greek and Latin sources from the fourth century onward and was eventually carried over to the Byzantine Empire. (See Wolff, R.L. "Romania: The Latin Empire of Constantinople". In: Speculum, 23 (1948), pp. 1–34 (pp. 2–3).)

[Constantine_I_306_-_337_AD-2] Constantine I (306–337 AD) by Hans A. Pohlsander. De Imperatoribus Romanis. Written 2004-1-8. Retrieved 2007-3-20.

[size-3] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Taagepera، Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. Duke University Press. 3 (3/4): 125. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 10.2307/1170959.

[4] John D. Durand, Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation, 1977, pp. 253–296.

[1] Since classical and modern concepts of state do not coincide, other possibilities include Res publica Romana, Imperium Romanum or Romanorum (also in Greek: Βασιλείᾱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων – Basileíā tôn Rhōmaíōn – ["Dominion (Literally 'kingdom') of the Romans"]) and Romania. Res publica, as a term denoting the Roman "commonwealth" in general, can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial era, while Imperium Romanum (or, sometimes, Romanorum) is used to refer to the territorial extent of Roman authority. Populus Romanus, "the Roman people", is often used for the Roman state dealing with other nations. The term Romania, initially a colloquial term for the empire's territory as well as the collectivity of its inhabitants, appears in Greek and Latin sources from the fourth century onward and was eventually carried over to the Byzantine Empire. (See Wolff, R.L. "Romania: The Latin Empire of Constantinople". In: Speculum, 23 (1948), pp. 1–34 (pp. 2–3).)

[nb 1]

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